This branch is related to gum diseases and its treatment. Gum disease is the inflammation of the gum line that can progress to affect the bone that surrounds and supports your teeth. It is also known as periodontal disease which begins with the bacterial growth in the mouth. The localized inflammation of the gingiva is initiated by the bacteria in the dental plaque which is a microbial flim that forms on the teeth and gingival. Nearly 70% of the people are affected by this disease at some point of life.
The primary cause of gum disease is poor oral hygiene, while the other reasons are-- Smoking or chewing tobacco.
- Consuming certain medications(oral contraceptives, steroids, anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers and chemotherapy).
- Crooked or misaligned teeth.
- Hormonal changes such as puberty, menstruation, menopause, pregnancy,etc.
- Certain illness such as diabetes, cancer and HIV.
- Genetic susceptibility.
- Bleeding gums
- Pulling of gums away from the teeth
- Teeth loosening
- Malocclusion
- Pus between teeth and gums
- Pain while chewing
- Teeth sensitivity
- Tender, red or swollen gums
- Ill-fitting dentures
- Foul breath
- Deep space formation between gums and teeth
- Gingivitis
- Periodontitis
- Advanced periodontitis